Abstract: Since the 20th century, rice varieties have undergone five updates in Jilin province, and the yield reached 535 kg/667 m2 in 2011. Based on the review of the history of rice breeding in Jilin province and the results of previous studies, the systematic study results about agronomic and physiological characteristics of bred rice varieties in Jilin province, the author proposed agronomic traits and plant type of super rice breeding. And also suggested that the plant physiological function should be considered  in the scientific breeding. The key important reference index is the photosynthetic capacity of top three leaves.

Key words: rice, breeding, agronomic traits, physiological characteristics, Jilin province

摘要： 20世纪以来，吉林省水稻品种经历了五次更新，使2011年吉林省水稻单产达到535.0 kg/667 m2。本文通过对吉林省水稻育种历史的回顾和总结，结合前人研究结果及本课题组近年来对吉林省历史育成品种的农艺性状和生理特性进行的系统研究，提出吉林省下一步超级稻育种的目标株型及农艺性状特点。同时建议为提高品种选育的科学性，可将水稻生理机能纳入育种选择的范畴，水稻上3叶光合能力特别是倒3叶光合能力可作为生理机能的重要参考。

关键词: 水稻, 品种选育, 农艺性状, 生理特性, 吉林省